Red, White, Blue, Yellow

Red, White, Blue, Yellow Handsome or Unique Wild Flowers of the Rocky Mountains Classi- fied for Ready Identification by Colors and Chief Features By J. H. Paul, Professor of Natural Science at the University of Utah FOR high-mountain and far-northern species, see "Alpine Floral Beauties" in this series. Far-southern spe- cies are not intended to be in- cluded here, though some of the most prominent ones are given, and many of those listed herein occur far southward. None of the members of the vast sunflower family, Com- positae, nor of the dandelion family, Cicoriaceae, are given here, being reserved for later treatment. The chief native flowering shrubs have been suf- ficiently set forth under "Flood Preventers" and under "West- ern Shrubs Suitable for Gar- dens." The grasses, sedges, rushes, and ferns, will receive later consideration. I. Flowers Mainly Red, including Pink, Pale Lilac, and Red and White Project X. Present any ten, or grow any one, of the following: Western Wild Flowers Suitable for Home Gardens Name Red Bugler.1 Pentstemon Eatoni. Carmine Gilia. G. aggregata. Average Height 2 to 3 feet. "Beardstongue." 2 to 4 feet. "Skunkflower." Leaves, Stem Opposite, simple. Upper clasping. Sticky: lobed, cut, bluish, alt. Flowers Red, (blue)2 Many kinds, w. Long; bright- red or whitish, t. 'The large and handsome genus Pentstemon has fifty or more species in the Rocky Moun tains. Most of them are blue, but several are red, scarlet, pinkish-violet, or lilac, and one in California is flesh color. See footnote under Blue Pentstemon. ^Words in parentheses in the column "Flowers" mean that similar species will be found described under that color also: r. a regular flower, the parts of the same shape: ir. an irregular flower, the parts dissimilar, as in the snap-dragon, violet, larkspur; tr, having the form of a trumpet; p, a flower resembling the sweet-pea blossom; t, a tubular corolla.

RED, WHITE, BLUE, YELLOW 33 Name Sweet William. Phlox species. Scarlet Pentstemon. Pentstemon Torreyi. Red Foxglove. Cardinal Pentstemon. Pentstemon Parry i. Large Foxglove. Pentstemon glandu- losus. Pink Geranium. Geranium Fremontii. Utah Sweet Pea. Lathyrus utahensis. Fls. fade to sea green and turquoise. Arizona Sweet Pea. Lathyrus arizonicus. Western Sweet Pea. L. decaphyllus. Pink Lady Fingers.4 Astragalus utahensis. Sheep Pod. Woolly. Prickly Pear." Opuntia rutila. Two sets of spines. Sand Dock. Rumex venosus. Pink Monkey Fir. Minulus lewissii. Scarlet Monkey Fir. Minulus cardinalis. Average Height 3 to 8 inches: woody base. 2 feet; smooth bluish-green; Fls. 2-lipped. \y2 to 2 ft. Fls. y4 in. \y2 feet; downy, sticky stem. 1 to 2 feet; bushy; fls. y4 h. Smooth, trailing, graceful vine. Fls. 1 in. long, 4 to 8 in cluster Loosely trailing, airy, graceful. 1 foot; no tendril; erect, branched. Mat of silvery foliage, woolly; fls. 1 in. long. Ascending and dif- fuse, joints swollen. Smaller spines below. 1 foot; seed like begonia fls. l/2 in. 2 to 3 feet; fls. 2 in. long. North. 2 to 5 feet. fls. two-lipped, 2 in. Leaves, Stem Opposite, simple, narrow, rough. Upper narrow, lower ovate, or oblong. Small, light- green, smooth. Ovate, large, toothed. Large, 3 to 5 -cleft; in clumps. Thin, veined, oval: leaflets about ten, 1 or 2 in. long, with tendrils. 8 narrow leaflets; 3-deft tendrils. 4 to 10 leaflets: lance shape. 11-17 thickish, white leaflets, nearly round. Spines 3-5, slender, reddish-gray, '/, to 2 in. Ovate or oblong; 3 to 6 in. long. Ovate to lance shape, pointed, opposite. As above. Found southward. Flowers Pink (white) ; y4 in. wide. r. Vivid scarlet pale inside, very ir. Scarlet. t. ir. (blue). Lilac to red- purple, 1 !/2 in. Pink or purple. Pinkish-lilac; wings pale; keel cream, p. Pink, violet, fluttering, p. Large, purple, p. Pink with purple and yellowish, t. Rose red or paler; 2 in. r. Red, heart-shape valves. Rose purple and yellow, ir. Vivid: scarlet, ir. "Nelson describes 76 species of Astragalus, not including our desert species. All have odd- pinnate leaves, spiked or racemed flowers, long, narrow corollas; pods swollen and divided into two cells by the intruding seams (sutures) . Most of them are poisonous to sheep, especially the densely silky A. molissimus, the small woolly loco, with spikes of violet flowers, 17-29 ovate-oblong leaflets, and a dry, leathery pod. The barrel cactus, so named from the shape of its stems, from which water is obtained. (Echinocactus Wislizeni) , the spines used for fish-hooks, the flowers large; the hedgehog cactus (Echinocerues polyacanthus) , a clump of stems each about the size and shape of a cu- cumber, and armed with bunches of long, stiff spines: flowers deep red and 2 or 3 inches across; the tall cactus, 3 to 6 feet tall, with long cylindrical joints and whitish stems, flowers 2 inches long, yellow with white pistil (Opuntia acanthocarpa) ; the cholla (O. fulgida) , a shrub 4 to 6 feet high, with spreading, twisted branches, starred with dead, dry spines; from the magenta flowers long cup-shaped fruits develop and hang in long chains. The joints break off at a touch and the spines are vicious to pierce one's flesh.

u IMPROVEMENT ERA Name Average Height Leaves, Stem Flowers Downy Waterleaf. 6 to 1 2 inches: 5-7-lobed, hairy; Small, in dense Hydrophyllum roots thickened. stem juicy. head, lilac, r. Capitatum. Scarlet Mallow.' 4 to 8 ins. 3-5 fingered Copper-scarlet, Malvastrum silvery. l/z to 1 in. or brick-red. r. coccineum. Rose Mallow. 2 to 4 ins. 6-8 lobed; Petals '/2 in. Sidalcea nervata. pubescent. veiny, cut. rose color, r. Southern Rose 12 to 26 ins. Lower rounded, Rose color. Mallow. Sidalcea fls. small; many 5-9 lobed; upper Calyx and neo-mexicana. in raceme parted and lobed. stems hirsute, r S. Wyo. and N: M. Silvery Hollyhock. 16 to 30 ins. Linear-oblong. Purple or Sphaeralcea cuspi- fls. on short crenate-dentate, red; l/z in. data. Southern. stalks; pubescent. rounded base. petals, r. Scarlet Globe Mal- 1 to 2 feet; Ovate-cordate, Scarlet low. Sphaeralcea grayish silky. crenate, lobed. y2 to % in. r. Munroana. Wintergreen. 4 to 8 in. Rounded, with Nodding, white Pyrola sp. scapes; no stems. leafy scales. purplish, ir. Shooting Star. 8 to 18 in. Oblong, from Purple-pink; Dodecatheon sp. stems reddish. root. red-lined, r. Showy Milkweed. 1 to 4 feet. Silky; pig-ear Pink and white Asclepias speciosa. Milky juice; fls. in shape; bluish. on woolly Spreading milk- round clusters. opposite, entire pedicels; weed lies flat. Sweet scented. thick. trap insects, r. Green Milkweed 8 to 20 in. Oval, oblong; Greenish- Acerates viridiflora. woolly. linear in one. brown, r. Fireweed Primrose. 2 to 6 feet. Long, narrow; Bright purplish Chamaenerion. fls. 1 in. seeds have long silk. pink. r. Water Willow Herb. 6 to 18 in.; Lance-shape, thick- Deep red. Chamaerion fls. V/2 in. ish; seeds with Northwest, r. latifolium. long silk. Red Columbine.' 8 to 16 in. Mostly from root: Red, at least Aquilegia elegantula. fls. l/2 in. long-stemmed. the spurs, r. II. Flowers Mainly White, Including Greenish, Cream, Pinkish Silver Corydalis. 1 to 3 feet; Twice or thrice White with C. Brandegii. fls. with spur cut into narrow straight High mountains. over y2 in. long. lobes; dark green. spur. ir. "See footnote under White-River Hollyhock. 'The red columbine occurs chiefly in Colorado and New Mexico; the white in the central high mountains of western Wyoming and Utah, where it is frequent in high. cool, moist places: the blue, the State flower of Colorado, in the mountains from northern New Mexico to Montana. Five different species are more or less yellow, four of them throughout most of our mountains at middle elevations; one with petals cream-colored, occurs in the Laramie range; one is a small alpine species with yellowish petals, the spurs and the sepals blue: and one small, blue- flowered species is found in a few places at great elevations.

RED, WHITE, BLUE, YELLOW 35 Name Thistle Poppy. Argemone hispida. Milk Poppy. Climbing Clematis. C. ligusticifolia. White Geranium. G. Fichardsonii. Sego Lily.8 Calpchortus Nuttallii. Utah State Flower. Pale Comandra. Comandra pallida. Toadflax. Wild Buckwheat." Friogonum racemosum. Sand Puffs. Abronia fragrans. Fragrant Abronia. Sticky Sand Puff. Abronia salsa. Desert 4 o'clock. Arrowhead. Sagittaria latifolia. In water or mud. Poison Sego. Zygadenus paniculatus. River Hollyhock.10 Sphaeralcea rivularis. Northern canyons. Average Height 2 to 3 ft.: fls. 2 to 3 in. across. Long vines; climb by hooks. 1 to 2 feet, slender, erect. 6 to 12 inches; bulb at root; fls. 2 in, broad. 5 to 10 inches; white, ivory-like stone fruit. 8 to 12 inches; few stemmed. 4 to 12 inches; fls. y2 to 1 in. stems hairy, sticky. 8 to 14 inches; stems very sticky, hairy, and pink. 8 inches to 4 feet; fls. 1 in. wide; anthers yellow. 8 to 16 inches; anthers yellow. 2 to 4 feet; stout, branched; stellate-hairy. Leaves, Stem Prickly, cut into lobes, bluish. In fives; leaflets cut in three. Stems and pedun- cles hairy. Slender, 1-5 flow- ered; 1-3 leaves, linear; bluish green. Narrow, pointed, bluish, shiny; fls., in flat clusters. Very woolly, ovate or oblong. Oval or oblong, \l/2 to 3 in. long; stems crooked. Elliptic or oval, fuzzy; stems low or prostrate. Smooth, arrow-head, olive green; milky; net-veined, acute. Many, smooth, folded; light green, arching. Heart-shaped; deeply 5-7 lobed; coarsely toothed Flowers White; centers golden, r. White; in masses, r. White, 1 in. r. White with lilac, yellow and greenish, r. Greenish, white or purplish, r. Pinkish white, r. Many, white in round clusters, t. White; in 2-inch clusters, t. White; in 3's; sta. and pistils many. r. Cream, white, r. Petals yz to % in. long, white or pale purple, r. 8The sego lily of the Sierra Nevada and coast mountains has many colors, mostly red and white, and is called the butterfly tulip; the yellow sego. is called the yellow Mariposa tulip; the orange sego, the orange Mariposa tulip. All these are mostly west of our range. "Various other wild buckwheats, mostly white flowered, with stick-like, nearly leafless, somewhat woolly stems, leaves in a dense mat at the base and in clusters of four at the upper joints of the stem, are found in our region, most of them ornamental and thriving in cultiva- tion. Since many of them are desert species; they have long single roots to find moisture, and get along without much irrigation. 10See Scarlet Mallow, under Red. The common mallow, or cheeseweed (Malva rotundi- fclia) , in fields and door yards, has whitish to pale rose or blue flowers, creeping stems, round leaves that fold up, fan-like, on cold nights, and numerous fruits called cheeses. Indian Mallow (Abutilon) 2 to 5 feet tall has round heart-shape leaves, pointed, 4 to 10 inches broad; fruit % in.

36 IMPROVEMENT ERA Name Average Height Leaves, Stem Flowers Pink Sand Puff." 4 to 10 inches; Thickish, oval. Light pinkish- Abronia villosa. fls. under '/2 in. midvein fuzzy. lilac, r. Tall chickweed. 6 to 15 inches; Narrow, pointed. White, Stellaria longipes. fls. under l/2 in. 1 to 2 in. long. star-like. r. Star Pink.12 2 to 6 inches; Linear; stems White, Stellaria sp. in mountains. weak, branching. star-like. r. Horsemint. 12 to 28 inches; Ovate to lance- White; in Monarda many stems from shape with small long, dense menthaefolia. base — a bunch. saw teeth, red tinged. spikes, ir. Thorn Apple. 2 to 4 feet; velvety, Ovate, sinuate- White; Datura stramona. stout, bronzy stems; toothed; dark green, funnel- Jimson Weed. fls. 6 inches. pointed. form, r. Hillside Primrose. 4 to 1 2 inches. Narrow, long, White; 2/, in.; Oenethera marginata. cut on margins. cut-edged. honey tube, 5 in. r. Prairie Primrose. 4 to 12 in. Toothed; stems White, changing Anogra albicaulis. Fls. 1 to 3 in. whitish; buds droop. to pink. r. "Baby Breath." 1 to 2 feet, Linear, stems Pinkish-white, Gayophytum sp. branching. thread-like. minute, r. White Columbine." 1 to 2 ft.; fls. Twice or thrice White (blue. Aquilegia leptocera. 2 to 3 in. in threes; lobed. red, yellow.) III. Flowers Mainly Blue, Including Deep Lilac and Purple Violets are mostly blue flowers that need little description. One only is yellow and brown, a spring violet of the hills (Viola Nuttallii) ; the fragrant white violet of the mountains (V. blanda) ; the marsh violets (V. palustris, while to lilac, and V. nephro- phylla, purple or violet with white bases) ; the pale violet (V. Canadensis) with pale violet petals; the long-stemmed violet (V. longipes) with dark-purple flowers and short, thick, straight spur; and the woody violet (V. odontophora), with slender woody branches from a large tap root, petals purple or violet, the lateral ones bearded, the spur half as long as the petals — all these, it is thought, would succeed in gardens. "Abronias grow in sandy soil, are strictly American, with branching, hairy, often sticky stems; thick, toothless leaves, in pairs, with leaf stalks, and one of each pair larger than the other. The flowers are in terminal clusters on long stems (peduncles) . numerous in rounded heads, showy, and very fragrant. Easily grown, they are also favorites of long-tongued bumble- bees and moths. ^Several little white star-flowers of the pink family, have opposite leaves, regular flowers, petals mostly 2-notched, appearing like two; stems swollen at the joints; stamens usually ten. conspicuous. Pinks with sticky stems and white, yellowish, or purple flowers are called catchfly, or campion. A very common pink in fields is the cow herb, a foot or two high with many branches and bright pink flowers over half an inch long, its foliage bluish-green: it is a weed in fields as the small chickweeds are in lawns. "See footnote to red columbine.

RED, WHITE, BLUE, YELLOW 37 Name Quaker Bonnets. Lupinus laxiflorus. Digitate leaflets. American Sweet Pea. Vicia americana. Slender Sweet Pea. Vicia linearis. Lilac Bush Pea. Hedysarum pabulare. Rose-Purple Bush Pea.* Hedysarum cinerascens. Foothills Larkspur. Delphinium scaposum. Blue Larkspur." Delphinium bicolor. Upper petals yellowish. Nelson's Larkspur. Delphinium Nelsoni. Blue Flax. Linum Lewissii. Stems yield linen. Rocky Mt. Bee Plant. Cleome serrulata. Spider Flower, Stinkweed. Long, spicy pods. Western Clematis. Clematis occidentalis. Finest porch twiner. Douglas Virgin Bower. Clematis Douglasii. Bush Clematis. Languid Lady. Mertensia ciliata. Siberian Bluebell. Average Height 1 to 2 feet. Small pea fls., in loose spike. Climbing. 3 ft. 4-8 flowered. Low, creeping; tendrils short. 16-28 inches; fls. in long clusters. 12-18 inches; stems several. 8 to 12 inches; stout; roots thick. 6 to 1 8 inches; fls. 1 in. long, in long cluster. 12 to 16 inches; stem not branched. 1 to 2 feet, branching above, very leafy. 4 to 8 feet in Ariz.: 1 to 4 northward; fls. in clusters 6 to 12 in. long. Vines; woody; lvs. and fls. from joints. 2 to 3 feet; bushy; dark green; woolly. 1 to 4 feet, bushy, leafy; stems smooth, hollow, soft, downy. Leaves, Stem Flowers Leaflets 6-9, Shades downy above, of blue silky below. with white, ir. 10-14 broad leaflets; Purplish pods narrow. blue. p. 8-14 linear leaflets. Pale purple, large, p. 9-15 leaflets, Lilac or pale '/, to 1 in. purple, p. 9-13 leaflets; Deep purple fl. stems long. spreading, p. Deeply cut, clus- Blue; one tered at base. spur, curved, ir. Doubly cleft; Blue with outline round; purple and stem reddish. pink. ir. Cut twice in threes. Blue spur straight, ir. Very narrow, Bright blue acute, deep in fives green; fls. 1 in. regular, r. In threes, long, Pinkish narrow, very soft lilac, (white.) bluish; long sta- 4 petals; mens and pistil. 6 stamens, r. In threes on Purple, long stems. violet, or ovate, pointed. blue. r. Large, twice or Bell-shape, thrice cut into purple, narrow lobes. woolly, r. Oblong or ovate. Blue, then pink pointed; ciliate buds pink, slen- margins; bluish. der bell shape, r. *The Hedysarums have flat pods of separable, roundish joints connected in the middle. The Sulphur Hedysarum, north and east, has bright-yellow flowers. "All larkspurs are handsome and interesting, gleaming like sapphires on deserts or in canyons. Only the smaller ones are likely to do well in cultivation. The tall larkspurs of the mountains might well be tried, also the monkshood; but the baneberry, the various columbines, the mountain buttercup, and the meadow rue. described elsewhere, may be best in rock gardens

38 IMPROVEMENT ERA Name Tall Verbena. Verbena bastata. Blue Vervian. Pennyroyal. Monardella. Bronze Bells. Fritillary. Fritillaria atropurpurea. Indian Hyacinth. Brodiaea Douglasii. Wild Heliotrope. Phacelia splendens. Desert Heliotrope. Phacelia arizonica. Jacob's Ladder. Polemonium. Blue Columbine." Aquilegia coerulea. Blue Foxglove." Pentstemon glaber. Blue Beard-tongue. Azure Foxglove. Pentstemon cyananthus. Shrubby Foxglove. Pentstemon fruticosus. Average Height 3 to 5 feet, strict, rough-hairy; fls. small, in top spikes. 12 inches; many slender, tufted stems. 8 to 16 inches; fls. 1 in. across. 1 to 2 feet: fls. y2 to % in. 8 to 12 in. simple, erect. 4 to 8 in. 6 in. (alpine), to 3 ft. (lower.) 1 to 2 feet; fls. 1-3 ins. 12 to 18 ins. 5th stamen bearded; fls. many. 1 to 2 feet; pale green. 5 to 20 ins., woody at base. Leaves, Stem Lance-shape, cut- serrate, the lower hastate at base. Ovate-lanceolate, entire, rough. Six to 20, scattered. Few, from root, long, linear. Divided into lobes. rough-hairy. 5 to 8 pairs of leaflets Ladder-like, 20 or more leaflets. Compounded in 3's on long stems. Opposite, firm, upper lance-shape, pointed, bluish. All broad, ovate to cordate. Narrow, iy2 to 3 ins., fls. 1 to V/2 ins. Flowers Blue, minute; fruits crowded, r. Purple or white, in heads, ir. Dull purple, greenish, r. Blue, 6-parted. r. Lilac; stamens purple, r. Bright blue. r. Blue or white. Stamens gold. r. Blue (red, white, yellow.) Blue or purple, wider above, t. ir. Bright blue to reddish. Purple, violet, (pink.) IV. Flowers Mainly Yellow Golden Snapdragon. Mimulus Langsdorfii. Yellow Monkey Flower. Yellow Owl's Clover Orthocarpus luteus. "Yellow R.2ttle." 8 to 32 inches; fls. % to 2 in., throat closed. 6 to 12 inches; fls. in leafy spikes on single stems. Opposite, round or ovate, light green, toothed. Linear to lance; often 3 -cleft, hairy or sticky. Bright yellow, lower lip red-dotted, ir. Bright yellow, 2-lipped, sac- cate, y2 in. long. ir. "See footnote to red columbine. "Blue Pentstemon flowers, often called blue bells, are not shaped like bells, but have long, tubular, and irregular corollas, with five lobes, 2 lipped, the upper lip 2-lobed, the lower 3-lobed and spreading; the stamens four, in pairs, and also a fifth stamen, conspicuous and hairy but without any anther (sterils) . The accent is on the e. which is long.

RED, WHITE, BLUE, YELLOW 39 Name Yellow Rattle. Rhinanthus cristi- galli Average Height 4 to 8 inches. Seeds rattle in dry calyx. Leaves, Stem Opposite, narrow, serrate. Flowers Yellow in coiled spike, ir. Dog-tooth Violet. Erythronium grandiflorum. Golden lily. Spring. 4 to 12 inches; fls. 1 to 2 ins. In damp shade. Only two; oblong, acute, 5 to 7 in. long; sheathe stem. Bright yellow; nodding; 6-parted. r. Yellow Snowdrop. Fritillaria pudica. Yellow Rice Root. 4 to 8 inches; fls. 1 in. long. Root of scaly bulbs. Narrow, oblong; three to 8; fls. nodding. Orange yellow, tinged with purple, r. Hairy Puccoon Lithospermum pilosum. 1 foot; several yellow-green stems; roots perennial. Narrow, sessile, bluish-gray green, downy above. Yellow, salver- form, scented; under l/2 inch. r. Indian Carrot. Cogswellia sp. Stemless, parsley- like plants. 6 to 14 in.; lvs. sheathing the stems; roots thickened. Compound, cut into narrow pine needles; bluish; sheathing the stems. Minute, yellow or white in flat- topped clusters, r Spider Milkweed," Asdepiodora dec. 12 to 18 in.; stem slanting. Dull green, rough, leathery, narrow. Yellowish; inside white, outside maroon, r Evening Primrose. Onagra Hookeri. 3 to 6 feet; fls. 3 inches. Narrow, downy; margins wavy. Yellow; open at night, r. Yellow Columbines." Aquilegia chrysantha. 1 to 3T/2 feet; spurs 2 to 3 ins. Leaflets twice or thrice in 3's. Bright yellow, (red, blue.) r. Fendler's Meadow Rue. Thalictrum Fendleri. 12 to 30 ins. Petals none. Ternately decom- pound; leaflets l/2 in. long. Stamens yellow. Western Wall Flower. Erysimum asperum. Fls. in top clusters. 1 to 2 feet; rough-hairy; fls. over l/2 in. Narrow, rough, often with sharp teeth. Orange; anthers brown, r. Yellow Flax. Linum Kingii. 5 to 12 in. base woody. Linear to oblong, crowded. Yellow, crowded, r. Golden Corydalis. Corydalis montana. 2 to 6 inches; fls. with spur. Cut into narrow lobes. Bright yellow, ir. Blazing Star. Mentzelia laevicaulis. Stamens many; Stems white. 2 to 3 feet; stout, branching; fls. 3 to 5 in. Pointed, long, narrow, wavy- toothed. Light yellow, open in sunshine, r. Symmetrical and stiff, resembling the "Tudor Rose," the stigma green, anthers brown; pods 3 in., on curved stems. "The bluish-yellow columbine, 8 to 16 inches high, has few flowers, each under 2 in. long; the lemon-yellow species has flowers lemon-yellow, sometimes tinged with scarlet. See footnote under red columbine.

40 IMPROVEMENT ERA Name Yellow Bee Plant. Cleome aurea. Silverwced. Argentina anserina. Silky cinquefoil. Potentilla pinnatisecta. Foilage silvery gray. Meadow cinquefoil. Potentilla plattensis. Golden Pea. Thermopsis montana. Bottle Plant. Erigonum inflatum. E. elatum, 18 in. Sulphur Flowers. a. Eriogonum Bakeri. b. Eriogonum umbellatum. c. Eriogonum subalpinum. d. Eriogonum flavum. Average Height 8 to 20 in.: smooth, branched. Spreading by runners; silvery. 12 to 18 in.; stems stout, reddish; root woody. Spreading, 4 to 8 ins. tall. 1 to 2 feet; fls. y4 in. long. Hollow stalks 2 ft. high; swollen, bottle shape. 1 ft.; stem downy, reddish; lvs. gray. 1 ft.; shrubby. 1 ft. ; woody. 4 to 8 inches. Leaves, Stem 5 or 3 -parted; lobes linear. All from root; leaflets 7-21. In clumps, long stalks, 5-7 leaf- lets cleft into oblong lobes. Leaflets 9-17, oblong, deep-cut. In threes; fls. in spike 3 to 6 in. Rosette of lvs. at base; stems bluish. Rosette at base; 4 near top. Woolly below. Smooth above. Woolly white. Flotvers Bright yellow, (red), r. Yellow, solitary, r. Yellow, like wild rose; over J/2 in. wide. r. Yellow; y4 in. wide. r. Yellow; pods silky, p. Yellow, (white, pink.) r. Yellow in top cluster. Yellow cluster, r. Yellow cluster, r. Yellow cluster, r. Logan, Utah Blighted Flowers Now the flow'rs are dull and drooping. Struck by autumn's blighting cold; So like men who, pale and stooping, Lose their luster when they're old. Now the poor flow'rs but remind us, As they stand all stripped and bare, How their beauty lured and charmed us, Clothed with leaves and petals fair. So those relics of proud manhood Waken mem'rics of the past, When their forms, now frail and bent, stood Straight and strong with noble cast. Deep within the cheeks now faded Lies a rose unknown, unseen; Some day on that face so jaded It will bloom and blush again. Samuel B. Mitton