Mutual Work

The Program for We are looking forward to a period of splendid achievement during the last two months of the M. I. A. season. Every association will be humming with activity. Success awaits every group if only each officer and member catches the spirit of the movement and they unitedly prepare to carry it forward. If a careful survey has not already been made as to the interests of the various groups and available leadership, this should be done at once by the executive of- ficers, assisted by the class leaders, music directors and committees on recreation. An activity must be found that will hold every boy and girl. As stated previously. April and May present class organizations may be broken up for the time being so that the new groupings may be formed for the various activities; as, the Music Appreciation group; the Drama group (reading or pro- ducing) ; the Public Speaking group; the Dancing group, etc. However, if classes' prefer to remain as at present, this may be permitted; for example, the M Men, aside from those engaged in contest work, may wish to study debating: the Gleaners, music, etc. It is felt that Boy Scouts and Bee-Hive Girls will be more successful if they con- tinue in their present class groupings. Committees on Recreation, Music Directors and Class Leaders You are especially necessary to the suc- cess of this program. If you do not, yourselves, conduct the activities, you will be glad to help those who do, and will inspire every member to his or her best effort. You will appreciate participation for your own personal growth and en- joyment. Ward Secretaries A careful record of attendance is to be kept during these two months of April and May. Check on every member. Ob- tain the cooperation of class leaders and class officers in getting a record of the attendance of all members. Keep every member actively interested. Looking Forward to the M. I. A. Day At the very beginning of the April- May Program the wise, forward-looking executive officers and the committees on recreation will have a vision of the big event that is to close the season's work — the M. I. A. Day. These two months' activity program should be carefully cor- related with this big event. In the wide range of activities provided for these two months is a rich field from which may be gathered delightful material. The mu- sic group will be able to present choice numbers in both instrumental and vocal selections; the drama groups will have developed a play; a lovely dance may have been the result of the two months' train- ing. An exhibition of all contest work should be interspersed. Debating and public speaking will provide interesting numbers, while physical games and ex- hibits of handwork will furnish a fine background for the whole. Activities (Additional Material and Suggestions) /. Music The purpose of this course is not only A. MUSIC APPRECIATION. to acquaint M. I. A. members with a 1. Music Memory Coarse. little of what is good in music, but also

MUTUAL WORK 433 appraise than that of the painter or even the novelist, for the dramatist deals direct- ly in human material, his characters speak and act directly, without the interven- tion of a narrator; all his ingenuity is directed toward setting his people in mo- tion, it is his business to reveal their ideas and their passions to other people. He must first make his characters seem to live, and then present them that they shall ap- peal through the eye and the ear of the spectator to the heart and the brain. "Modern dramatists — from Ibsen to the present day — have made it their chief busi- ness to write plays about people we know. The dramatist no longer writes of kings and princes and the downfall of empires; he is not interested, and he knows we are not interested in such things, half so much as we are in the efforts of Hedda Gabler to adjust herself to her environment, or Anna Christie to find herself, and of the Show Off to preserve his self-respect. "We are all interested in plays, then, because plays reflect life in a very direct and moving fashion. "The object, then, of any study or read- ing course in modern drama should be a discussion of human life, in which the play is the specimen, the document, the subject. Nothing else in the world is so fascinating; technique — apart from the human being9 which it sets in motion — is a meaningless detail; history, back- ground, classification of kinds of plays and all the purely formal matters that any- one can prate about are insubstantial shadows of the supreme figure in all plays, which is Man. The hour or two de- voted to play discussion is and ought to be a glorified community gossip, only instead of discussing the affairs of the neighbors, you discuss Nora Helmcr and Mr. Borkman and a host of interesting people who happen to be found within the covers of books. "Choose your plays, not for historical reasons, nor necessarily on the basis of period, race, or nationality. Ask your- self, Are the characters alive? Does the dramatist succeed in making them credible? Are they put into situations that mean something to us? "Read up on the art and craft of the drama, study all the technical books you can find if you like — that will enable you to know how the trick is turned, and is at any rate a fascinating game; — but never forget that a play at its best is a sort of projection into our daily life of the existence and problems of our fellow-being9. A good play makes its own technique and cannot be classified or reproduced. The proper study of man- kind is man; the proper end of the study of drama is man; a knowledge of drama means a knowledge of humanity." — Barrett H. Clark. For suggested material in the study of Drama, see February Era, p. 345. Also series, "Writing Native Drama," Young Woman's Journal, beginning January, 1928. ///. Oral Expression A. Public Speaking. (See February Era, p. 345, and Y. M. M. I. A. Hand Book, p. 178.) B. Debating. (See February Era, p. 345, and Y. M. M. I. A. Hand Book, p. 171.) IV. Literature The following outstanding books are suggested, from which may be chosen ex- cellent material for review and discussion: Why We Behave Like Human Beings — G. A. Dorsey. Giants in the Earth — O. E. Rolbaag. (Story of the pioneering of the Dakotas.) Death Comes to the Arch-Bishop — Willard Cather. (Story of the first Catholic Bishop of New Mexico. Novel.) Abraham Lincoln — Carl Sandburg. (Life of Lincoln until he goes to the White House. The prairie years of Lincoln.) A Pilgrimage to Palestine — Harry Emerson Fosdick. The Story of Philosophy — Will Durant. Trader Horn — A. Horn, edited by Ethel Reda Lewis. (Story of a man who traded among the tribes of Africa. When old he told his story to Miss Lewis.) The Evolution of Charles Darwin — George A. Dorsey. Napoleon — Man of Destiny — Emil Ludvig. The Sailor — Snaith. Story of Music — Carl Bekker.

434 IMPROVEMENT ERA Story of Mankind — Hendrick Van Loon. Vour Money's Worth — Stuart Chase and F. J. Svhlink. (The story of everything you buy.) So Big — Edna Ferber. Fanny Herself — Edna Ferber. V. Dancing A selection of folk and group dances can be made from: Folk Dances from Old Homelands — Eliza- beth Burchenal ; published by G. Schirmer. New York, price, $1.50. Such dances as, "Sweet Kate," "Noriu Miego," "The Hand- kerchief Dance," "The Bridge of Avignon." are very good. Twice 55 Games With Music; published by C. C. Birchard £S Co., Boston, price, 25c. Such dances as, "A Hunting We Will Go," "Captain Jinks," "Come, Let us be Joyful," "Roman Soldiers." are especially popular. Some group dances published in the Official Recreation Guide: such as. "Turkey in the Straw." "Yankee Doodle." "Comin' Thru the Rye," and dances issued in mimeograph form by the General M. I. A. Boards: such as, "I Want to be Happy." "As We Go March- ing On," and Sociability." VI. Hand Crafts (See Needle Art Department, Young Woman's Journal, Vols. 3 6,' 3 7, 38: also "Handicrafts" in current volume.) VII. Athletic Tournaments and Physical Games (See Official Recreation Guide, pp. 49- 56 and chart) CONTESTS Division Finals With a view of helping to serve our M. I. A. officers, relieve them of some of the detailed work in connection with our annual contests and to insure uniform judgment, it has been decided that the General Board will provide adjudicators for all events at the Division Finals. The responsibility of providing judges for stake and district meets will devolve upon the respective local officers. DATES FOR DIVISION FINALS (General Board to provide judges) Division 8 — Monday. May 2 1 , at Manti. Division 7 — Tuesday, May 22, at Payson. Division 6 — Friday, May 25, at Ogden. Division 5 — Saturday, May 26, at Pres- ton. Division 4 — Monday, May 28, at Poca- tello. Division 3* — Thursday, June 7, at Salt Lake City. Division 2* — Thursday, June 7, at Salt Lake City. Division 1 — Tuesday, May 29, at Salt Lake City. *These Divisions should communicate with the general officers as to details. Biggest Percentage of Attendance in the Church We are informed by D. L. Stapley, the superintendent of the Y. M. M. I. A. of the Maricopa stake. Phoenix, Arizona, that the Pine ward, located 150 miles north of Mesa, an isolated mountainous district, reports that on January 1, 1928, at their Sunday night joint M. I. A. meet- ing they had 103 people in attendance out of a ward population of 109. Super- intendent Stapley says, "This we con- sider to be a most excellent record and one worthy of recognition in the Mutual de- partment of the Improvement Era. It is an outstanding achievement, and I believe sets a record for attendance, based on population, for any ward in the Church." We agreed with Superintendent Stap- ley's statement, and asked him to tell us, if possible, just how this unusually high percentage was obtained, thinking that, if the same stimulus were applied in other wards, the same results might be accom- plished: and thus the information would be a valuable acquisition to all our work- ers. In complying with our request, he sent us the following explanation, written by Florence Hunt, president of the Y. L. M. I. A. of Pine ward: "We worked up as good a musical program as our ward talent could pro- duce, and announced it for one month. We also appointed different M. I. A.

MUTUAL WORK 415 members to invite all ward families per- sonally. We had enough persons taking part on the program so thai almost every family was especially interested in some one performing. Alter the program and benediction, we had community singing and the dramatization of two stones New Superintendents Elder Orson Haynie. of 2418V4 South Hope St.. Los Angeles, has been appointed the new superintendent of the Los Angeles stake Y. M. M. I. A. He succeeds Elder E. J. Milne. Elder Joseph S. Stucki. Paris. Idaho, has been released as the superintendent of the Bear Lake stake Y. M. M. I. A . and Elder Frank Cottle has been appointed in his stead. Boy Scouts in Germany At the mission president's conference recently held in Dresden, Germany, the Swiss-German and German-Austrian mis- sions officially adopted a name and badge for the Boy Scout organization of these missions. The name adopted is L. D. S. Boy Scouts. In behalf of the missions I take great pleasure in presenting Oscar A. Kirkham. as the Executive Director of M. I. A. work, the badge adopted, together with our deep- est appreciation for the splendid service he is rendering in the work of the Lord. President James E. Talmage was made Chief Executive of the L. D. S. Boy Scout organization and we had the privilege of decorating him, while here, with badge No. 1 . On the evening of the presentation the Scouts of the Dresden branch took an ad- mirable part on the program and received favorable mention in two of the local newspapers. The Year-Round Program, as prescribed in Bulletin No. 7, found great favor with us. The same ideas have been incorporated into our plan and we tall willingly and readily in line in carrying out the sug- gestive programs as far as posible. During a week full of activity we conducted an athletic contest among our organiations, by mail. Each branch de- termined its best athlete in 20 different events during the week. The results were then mailed to mission headquarters where mission champions were determined by comparing the records made in each event. The names and accomplishments of the winners were later published. Th« interest being taken by our mem- bers in Mutual work is indeed pleasing and I assure you the organization is doing much in spreading the gospel and making true Latter-day Saints of our present mem bership. — A/. Elmer Christensen. mission superintendent of M. 1. A., German- Austrian mission. NORMAN ISOM HEATON Norman Isom Hcaton. nine year old son of Bishop and Mrs. Fred C. Hcaton of Moccasin. Arizona, with his prize Book of Mormon. During the period from spring to December. 1927, he read the Book of Mormon through for which accomplishment he was presented with a copy of this precious book. This is an example that all other young people could follow to their own uplift and benefit.

436 IMPROVEMENT ERA What to do in March This is the month in which M Men should organize for summer activities — track, swimming, baseball, hiking, camp and group excursions to the national parks. A constructive and well organized pro- gram should be outlined, and carried out under able leadership. Civic work should also receive attention, and organized par- ticipation is recommended. M Men should be leaders in spring cleanups. The co- operation of Advanced Senior members, in much of the work, will afford an op- portunity for real community uplift. As the end of the school year ap- proaches, many of our young people will be seeking productive employment. And this idea of employment should be cor- related with our Thrift and Industry campaign. Mutual members should be encouraged to save their means, in prep- aration for mission, college, etc. Why not organize employment bureaus or com- mittees to help these young people find work? The assistance of employers and individual persons needing help during the summer months should be solicited and their requirements listed; and those who desire this employment should file their names with the committee. In brief, begin in March to visualize and anticipate summer needs and work, and to plan for successful accomplish- ment during that period. Current Events A Study for the Advanced Senior Class M. I. A., 1927-28 (March, 1928) 1 — Religion and Social Service a. The Moral Plight of Youth. Millions listen to him over radio every Sunday. It is generally taken for granted that the younger generation of today is the worst in the cradle of the race. The home is the nucleus of all that is per- manently good in the history of man. Old home pieties should not be abandoned. The joy and woe of life depends greatly on sex relations. Sex instruction stands the scientific test of fitness to survive. Youth itself is building for itself ladders for reaching higher moral levels. The youth of this age is superior to the youth of the past generation. Questions for Discussion 1 . On what grounds is Dr. Cadman de- serving the attention of the world? 2. Why must a free people have an in- terest in politics and religion? 3. What does the holding of six hundred different student conferences for national puri- fication in the United States point to (a) as cause, (b) as effect? 4. How can your class best test the truth of Dr. Cadman's statement concerning the youth of today: "Judged by their honesty, sincerity, detestation of cant, and unselfish- ness, they stand head and shoulders above the youth of my generation?" (Literary Digest, January 14, 1928. page 28.) b. Why the Home is Failing. "The altar fires of home are out." The craze for pleasure; the go-fever, bridge playing, the new type of mother, the business-stand life of the father, the spe- cializations of life, have made a mere dormitory and cafeteria of the home. Out- side, specialized care of children estranges them from the home. Intellectualism in- cites irreverence. Questions for Discussion 1. Is escape from specialization possible and, if so, is the escape desirable? 2. What is the difference between the "go- fever" in the youth and the desire for travel in the adult?

MUTUAL WORK 437 J. What can be done to make both thinkers and believers of our youth? 4, What has Christianity done for Japan? (Literary Digest. January 21. 1928. page 31.) c. Forty-Fiue Tongues in the Melting Pot. The international day has not come, but the international night is celebrated. Light and love and liberty were invited guests and were royally entertained by rep- resentatives of forty-five languages. Away off in Wyoming, the world-peace dove begins nest building. The event puts Rock Springs on the map, historical home of a memorable event. Questions 1. What does the meeting point to? 1. Who were the men with messages? ?. What is an international mind.' ■i. What were the danger signals raised for "America at the Cross Roads?" 5. What kind of an autocrat is our re- public in danger of becoming? 6. How may international right celebrations have been held? (Deseret News. February 1. 1928. page 8.) What is the ardent purpose of the recent article published over the names of the presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints? Deseret News. Salt Lake Tribune. "A Million-Dollar Gift to Prolong Life." Question: Is this a scientific step to- wards the Millennium? Literary Digest. January 28, page 1 5. 2 — Politics and Industry a. A Messenger of Good-Will. Colonel Charles A. Lindbergh is likely doing more to create better feelings and a better understanding between the United States and the Latin-American nations to the south than anyone has ever done be- fore. Within recent weeks we have been reading about his flight into the Latin- American nations and of the great recep- tions that he has received wherever he has landed. The world loves a hero; Mr. Lindbergh is so regarded by the world and therefore all bow to him. The south- ern republics look upon him as an am- bassador of good-will from their neigh- bor on the north. At the present time, from all reports, it is necessary to have a better under- standing between the Latin-American countries and ourselves. Lindbergh has helped to bring this about, and hereafter, doubtless, there will be a better under- standing and a better feeling toward the United States by these countries than has existed heretofore. But this is not the entire benefit of this trip to the South. Educationally, too. it has been of great importance. People are led to a study of their geography and maps and locations as a result of this ad- venture. Too. because of the quickness with which countries can be reached, .i closer relationship will be established. A thousand miles will no longer mean much of a distance. And again, by this trip of Lindbergh's we shall come to under- stand the size, the population, and the resources and1 the political strength of these countries as never before, and that will mean much to them and much to us Questions 1. Who is Charles A. Lindbergh? Where was he born? What education has he re- ceived? What brought him into prominence? 2. What characteristics has this young man that are worthy of emulation? What do we mean by "messenger of peace?" "Ambassador of good-will?" 3. What are the relations between the Latin-American countries and the United States at the present time? In what way can Lindbergh's . trip make these relationships better? In what other ways is this adven- ture beneficial to the world? (Reference: See Literary Digest. January 21, 1928. pages 5-6.) b. Outlawing War. There has appeared a great deal of dis- cussion on this subject in our papers and magazines for nearly ten years, but up to the present time nothing much has been accomplished. Why is this the case? Doubtless because of a misunderstanding

438 IMPROVEMENT ERA of the subject and perhaps to political and economic interests of the different countries. Many would have all war outlawed. Others would discriminate as to what kinds of war should be out- lawed. Some would retain the right of waging a defensive war; others of the ne- cessity of war against an aggressor nation; that is, one which goes to war without first having submitted its difficulties to an arbitration court. In these questions the difficulty lies: What is a defensive war? What is an aggressor war? In any kind of a war a nation will seldom admit that it is> the aggressor, so that if we are ever going to do away with war, the only solution is practically to com- mit ourselves to an anti-war policy en- tirely. Questions 1. What are the difficulties of outlawing war? What is the opinion of the League of Nations on this question? What are the pro- posals of the United States on national dis- armament? 2. What is the recent proposal of France to the United States on the subject of war? What is your opinion of an increased navy? Are there any wars going on at the present time? If so, where? What is the cause? 3. Can wars be outlawed? (Reference: See Literary Digest. January 21. 1928, pages 8-9.) c. The War of Competition. Most wars are detrimental to society, but in the war among industries it ap- pears that the public is to be the gainer. At the present time some of the big auto- mobile companies' of the country are wag- ing a price war with one another. The result of this may mean a reduction in the price of automobiles to the public. Questions 1. How will this situation help the public? What are the benefits of competition? The evils of competition? The advantages and dis- advantages of a combination of capital? 2. Will a reduction of cars benefit the public? An increase? May not an ex- travagance in the use of credit result as a con- sequence of this cut-throat competition and thus finally injure industry? 3. How does the manufacturing of auto- mobiles compare in size and importance with other great industries? About how much money is invested in this industry; that is. what part of the national income? How does this affect other industries? What percentage of iron, steel, leather, hardwood lumber, aluminum, copper, nickel and rubber of that which is produced go into this industry? (Reference: See Literary Digest, January 21. 1928, pages 10-11.) 3 — Science and Discovery a. The Present Status of Mental Telepathy. Rene Warcollier, a Frenchman, and twenty-five collaborators, recently tried to send messages from Paris to New York City by the direct action of mind upon mind; i. e., by telepathy. Warcollier claims that his results "establish telepathy as a power in human nature." Other experimenters, however, notably American psychologists, "consider nothing proved" in this regard. Dr. Jos. Jastrow of the University of Wisconsin says: "If we consider telep- athy as a scientific hypothesis, the best we can say is that it is still on trial, with the odds tremendously against it." Questions 1. Do you believe (or disbelieve) in mental telepathy? Why? 2. Does the development of radio tend to prove or disprove mental telepathy? How? 3. How do (a) science, (b) tbe Church, (c) Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, et al. explain spiritualistic phenomena? (Reference: Literary Digest, February 11. 1928.) b. A New Cure for "Brain Softening." The Nobel Prize winner in Medicine last year was Dr. Julius von Wagner- Jauregg, of Vienna. He found that by deliberately giving malaria to insane patients with general paralysis ("soften- ing of the brain" due to long-standing syphilis) there is a marked improvement in what heretofore has been regarded as the most fatal of all mental diseases. As a result of Dr. Wagner-Jauregg's work, primary syphilis, locomotor ataxia and general paralysis are now being ar- rested, if not cured, in the modern mental hospitals of this country and Europe.

MUTUAL WORK 439 Questions 1. To what extent is syphilis a cause of insanity? 2. Is syphilitic insanity more or less prev- alent in Utah and Idaho than in other Amer- ican states? 3. Is this modern treatment for general paralysis being used in the Utah and Idaho State hospitals? If so. with what results? 4. How do Utah and Idaho compare with other states in the matter of (a) the amount of insanity, and (b) the modern treatment of the insane? (Reference: Scientific Monthly. February. 1928.) c. America's Greatest Engineer Passes. General George W. Goethals, builder of the Panama Canal, died recently in New York City at the age of 69. President Woodrow Wilson once referred to him as "the greatest living representative of the engineering profession." The remains of this great man were laid away in the old post cemetery at West Point. General Goethals' alma mater, where Custer. Scott and other national heroes are buried. The passing of General Goethals calls to mind the equally remarkable work of Major-General Wm. C. Gorgas. the med- ical officer of the Canal Zone, whose sanitation work eliminated the fevers and other tropical plagues which hampered the work of construction. Questions 1 . What arc the high points in the his- tory of the Panama Canal? 2. What were the obstacles overcome by General Goethals? 3. What part did President Roosevelt play in the building of the Panama Canal? 4. What economic and military advantages accrue to the United States by reason of this canal? (Reference: Literary Digest, February 11. 1928.) d. Ten Outstanding Magazine Articles for January. 1928 (Chosen by a Council of Librarians) : 1. "Boston." Elmer Davis in Harper's. 2. "The Tariff Controversy with France." F. W. Taussig in Foreign Affairs. 3. "We Southerners," Grover C. Hall in Scribner's. 4. "Charles Evans Hughes." William Hard in Review of Reviews. 5. "Selective Patriotism." Carl Van Doren in The Survey Graphic. 6. "Beggars and Begging Songs." Violet A. Simpson in Virginia Quarterly. 7. "Why Missions?" Sherwood Eddy in The World Tomorrow. 8. "The Man Who Knew Coolidgc." Sinclair Lewis in The American Mercury. 9. "Effective Intolerance," Bertrant Russell in The Century. 10. "A Desert Boy in the Arctic." Deric Nusbaum in Good Housekeeping. 4 — Letters and Art a. A Vocal Contest. The Atwater Kent Foundation recently awarded ten prizes, five to boys and five to girls, totaling $17,500. Fifty thou- sand young singers throughout the coun- try entered the contest. The ten prize winners are called the best amateur singers in the country. They were heard by the largest audience that they could hope for. as their songs were carried by the radio all over the nation. Questions I. Give the details regarding the conditions of this contest. 2. What were the prizes? 3. On what were the winners in the finals judged? 4. What has the contest done for all en- trants? (See Literary Digest for January 7. 1928.) b. A New Prodigy. Yehudi Menuhin. a violinist of ten, is rated as an artist. Hi9 technique is said to be masterful, and his fingering firm and accurate. Questions I Tell about the early musical life of Yehudi Menuhin.

440 IMPROVEMENT ERA 2. Point out the wisdom of his parents in his training. 3. What do the critics say about this child wonder? (See Literary Digest for December 3 1 , 1927.) c. Literary Taste In Germany. What literature is in favor in Germany today? What country claims to play Shake- speare more often in a month than the rest of the world plays him in a year? Name some authors that are very popu- lar in Germany. (See Literary Digest for January 7, 1928.) d. Our Education Expenditure Criticized. It is said that more than six hundred millions are invested in our educational in- stitutions. Many feel that the results do not justify the outlay. Point out some of the criticisms. What does P. W. Wilson give as the difference in ideals between England and this land? Which do you consider the higher? Justify your answer. (See Literary Digest for December 24, 1927.) e. Shakespeare Memorial Theatre. Outline the conditions regarding the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre. What criticism is raised against permit- ting America to contribute? Who are especially strong in their op- position? Tell what America has done to raise funds. Do you think the United States should contribute or that England should raise the money herself? Why? (See Literary Digest for January 7, 1928.) In an interesting article on "American Leisure," Irwin Edman says, "The best test of the quality of a civilization is the quality of its leisure. Not what the citizens of a commonwealth do when they are obliged to do something by necessity, but what they do when they can do any- thing by choice, is the criterion of a peo- ple's life. One can tell much about a man by noting the objects and pastimes to which he spontaneously turns for joy. The same may be said of a nation." Maxim Gorky, on visiting Coney Island, remarked, "What an unhappy peo- ple it must be that turn for happiness here." Mr. Edman considers the most serious criticism that has been leveled against American civilization is that its pleasures are mechanical and its leisure slavish. "It is not," he says, "that we have not time. Foreign observers are repeatedly astonished at the number of hours an ever-increasing number of Americans have to themselves. It is not time we lack, but leisure." He defines leisure thus: "Leisure is in- deed an affair of mood and atmosphere rather than simply of the clock. It is not a chronological occurrence, but a spiritual state. It is unhurried pleasurable living among one's native enthusiasms. Leisure consists of those pauses in our lives when experience is a fusion of stimulation and repose. Genuine leisure yields at once a feeling of vividness and a sense of peace. It consists of moments so clear and pleas- ant in themselves that one might wish they were eternal." Questions 1 . As a result of the fact that being busy has been with us a primary virtue, what has our play become? 2. For what do we wish leisure? 3. What has leisure been with us? 4. What happens when culture becomes deliberate? 5. Do you think that we are becoming stereotyped in our play as in our work? 6. What are the deadly enemies of leisure? 7. How much of our trouble lies in the impossibility of our circumstances and how much in the blindness of our philosophy? 8. Show that good conversation is one of the most enlivening ways of leisure. 9. Read aloud the two concluding para- graphs of the article. (See Harper's Magazine for January. 1928, pp. 220-225.)

MUTUAL WORK 441 Y. M. M. I. A. Statistical Report, January, 1928 | o 5 c 31 0 o STAKE . c£ •o a 00 M 4 u ■o ~ </3 v 9 Ja B ■3 n m •o ° 5 ■o 5 g "2 = e "^ C c •a JS | 2 U; d £ "<3 c - .2 ~o c £ u £ ° 1 o ~ ^ ra C O £ if = o c 3 0 to QJ /- Y. U J < UJ l/l UJ < u. -> u h J _ < < r. < < < A < h Alpine 1000jl8|17|140(175|331 — 335 981 112 91 164 200567 480 12 9 13 13 73 131 133 72 193 225 97 170 240 56 37 123 225 245 365 775 880 56 81 106 36 81 153 48 80 130 20 34 72|212 760 757 14 13 1271389 Box Elder 135 558 547 727 6 10 4 10 37 110 66 94 36 186 7 40 64 300 210 730 26 100 18 68 10 146 3 24 28 210 85 Cottonwood 548 Deseret 521 12 12 110 206 148 22 188 674 79 119 89 14 125 426 East Jordan 450 10 10 90 102 185 200 577 63 56 116 150 385 Emery 501 10 10 73 77 196 220 566 51 31 118 126 326 960 310 8 8 8 5 81 44 264 60 259 43 47 9 305 58 956 214 73 28 158 31 170 16 24 17 216 34 641 Garfield 126 1100 279 500 337 223 1435 695 454 9 7 10 5 6 8 7 8 4 4 89(121 59 82 69 89 39 86 37 19 132 268 57 79 551101 230 69 136 89 10 295 99 135 112 25 237 50 278 78 166 830 288 485 74 47 49 31 30 98 66 40 79 53 35 35 20 193 56 37 139 47 76 42 11 208 72 16 183 214 578 50 197 95 43 20 294 90 140 771 86' 300 151 20 348 12? 207 86 1280 410 498 81 12 12 8 7 976 63| 32 76 . .. 307 Nebo _.„ 9 8 293 461 710 7 10 7 10 62 51 114 203 13 148 235 388 622 43 58 16 41 51 8 100 75 137 194 North Sanpete 80 104 336 270 644 876 497 6 13 11 5 5 13 1 1 5 31 88 101 56 41 36 127 67 74 137 219 76 19 15 80 26 94 222 284 141 259 498 811 366 27 64 72 47 26 20 66 22 44 77 112 45 111 70 1/8 9 56 14 150 163 69 370 469 Oquirrh . 197 Palmyra ___ 481 8 8 73 147 147 18 226 611 52 51 73 10 148 334 Parowan - 546 11 5 31 39 28 39 137 25 26 18 - 1 23 92 Pioneer _. 741 10 10 83 99 200 45 267 694 68 49 107 31 163 418 334 680 12 14 11 10 76 131 95 125 16 47 137 142 455 544 53 60 107 91 53 77 9 28 84 79 <()6 St. George 93 137 335 1090 192 13 4 13 4 133 138 19 31 263 41 74 30 311 59 919 180 105 14 90 19 153 23 40|209 221 40 597 San Juan 128 Sevier 369 6 6 57 90 116 48 209 520 42 62 81 34 139 358 South Davis 526 8 8 74|108 179 216 577 66 54 111 .180 460 476 7 71 333 178 South Sevier 333 8 4 291 25 27 8 65 154 22 30 20 5 34 1 1 1 Summit 465 11 11 77 109 97 56 128 467 60 73 64 12 90 299 400 415 1166 392 9 10 16 9 9 10 53| 80 91 4 21 168 158 242 164 396 483 628 443 42 62 55 50 53 61 54 55 41 2 115 253 7511101119 95| lljl 18 347 Utah 10 84 99 8 611129 203 89 98 Il55|362 Wasatch 48| |108|261 Weber 712 9 450| 7 233 7 9 80 90 6| 6 1 1 105 133 161 23 26 187 164 761 513 517 206 63 42 30 36 54 85 131134331 102 24 114336 Bannock 61 38| 60| 32| 27| 13| .. | 22l 92 365 226 11 8 601 771 54 3 106 22 297 78 36 9 82 381 1 64 220 Blaine 6 2 12 25 16 13 8 2 9 41 365 10 10 79 105 80 90 354 65 60 39 .... 69 234 318 9 5 40 53 44 14 241 53 58 204 226 25 40 19 30 101 33 1 17 160 6-.. 541 481 42 26| 23| 71 38 134 428|ll|ll| 99| 9l| 93 23 147 453 59 551 55! 7 115 291 664|14|14I127[203|179 199) 7 6 27 186 722 84 99 12411351 20U03I481 1 I 14 Lost River 123 3 3 18| 31 18 31 98 14 26| 12| . 18| 70 Malad 419 7 7 66 76| 86 „ 134 362 48 29' 601 1 881225 Minidoka 244| 8| 5| 4l| 69| 38 ..... 54 202 29 25' 181 1 281100

442 IMPROVEMENT ERA 3= £ £ 2 2 Z Q_) < gi < < 202 212 407 99 318 203 31 97 206 270 191 354 124 236 450 186 317 86 112 239 221 165 286 134 428 168 154 Montpelier Oneida Pocatello Raft River Rigby Shelley Teton Twin Falls Yellowstone Alberta Big Horn Hollywood Juarez Lethbridge Los Angeles Lyman __ Maricopa Nevada St. Joseph San Francisco Snowflake Star Valley Taylor Woodruff California Mission N. W. States Mission Western States Mission | 367 14 10 369 11 9 552 10 10 1 136 7 6 516 13 11 319 9 9 550 8 7 215 5 4 360 10 1 0 410 10 8 318 6 6 322 10 10 120 4 4 223 10 9 420 9 9 200 7 6 450 8 8 174 6 4 165 16 3 372 10 10 290 11 10 365 11 11 339 6 6 325 6 61 500 25 22| 255 in 81 157 8 6| 34 107|138| 88| 58| 89 42 29 67 80 42 84 27 74 97 82 113 38 50 9 63 80 40 37 102 81 71 119 118 44 87 91 89 62 127 187 15 111 30 34 20 27 98 67 38 69 132 243 128 85 66 12 86 100 114 12 175 36 39 5 63 58 38 49 118 127 71 54 94 76 59| 69 54 97 23 93 49 73 37 22 66 56 96 721106 46| 79 1 50|2 1 6 52| 68 3 1 1 75 125 75 48| 5 1 1 5 1 43 1161 19| 541 19 358 333 611 171 460 381 202 185 321 448 284 524 138 346 592 298 474 180 167 372 354 363 458 227 639 273 225 40 39 93 3 55 39 7 351 19 60 52 27 j 661 54 73 1 83 112 27 31 75 44 106 41 64 24 43 76 40| 46 50! 19 56! 55 3l! 43 104|141 37| 33 1 75 28| 39| 43 10 46 77 139 32 42 58 41 | 20 43 79 44 74 23 49 105 56 124 1| 33 I 27 1 0 1 41 401 45 41 58 471 55 2| 32 27| 74 81 15 151 29 Y. M. M. I. A. Efficiency Report, January, 1928 STAKE a. 15 < c o M O pq ■a £ a .5 |J a 5 1 2 1 0 I f | 3. 3 £ -a c a "H o 5 o Alpine 10 9 9 7 10 4 10 7 10 10 86 Bear River 8 1 9 7 7 5 5 5 8 8 8 70 Benson 10 1 8 9 9 6 6 8 8 7 7 78 Box Elder 10 1 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 10 10 99 Carbon .... 4 1 6 10 5 6 6 5 8 10 10 70 Cottonwood ... 10 10 10 8 10 9 8 9 10 10 94 Deseret .... 10 | 10 10 10 9 8 10 9 8 9 1 93 East Jordan ... 10 1 10 10 9 10 9 10 10 10 9 97 Emery .. Ensign . 10 1 10 1 9 10 8 10 8 10 9 10 6 7 8 8 7 7 7 10 9 10 81 82 Garfield : 7 1 9 10 6 5 8 4 4 10 8 76 Granite . ... ... — 1 8 1 10 10 9 10 7 5 9 10 10 88 Gunnison . . .- .. I 10 | 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 10 10 98 Hyrum ... .. 1 Juab .... 10 | 9 1 8 1 8 8 1 8 1 7 1 8 7 8 ! 5 6 7 8 8 6 8 8 7 8 75 77 4 1 10 10 5 8 4 10 10 10 10 81 Liberty 1 9 1 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 9 10 10 I 10 | 97

MUTUAL WORK 443 Nebo 10 9 10 10 in 4 7 7 7 8 82 Mount Ogdcn 6 10 10 10 9 9 8 10 10 10 92 North Davis 8 7 9 9 7 6 9 10 10 10 85 Xonh Sanpete 9 8 10 10 10 9 0 6 8 10 89 North Sevier 10 10 5 5 8 6 5 6 8 7 70 North Weber 8 10 6 7 6 8 9 10 10 10 84 Ogdcn 9 9 9 10 10 8 10 9 10 10 94 Oquirrh 7 8 10 10 10 5 7 10 10 in 87 Palmyra 10 8 10 10 8 9 10 10 10 10 95 Parowan 3 10 6 6 4 8 6 8 4 6 61 Pioneer 9 9 10 10 9 7 9 5 10 in 88 Roosevelt 10 10 7 3 4 7 8 8 9 8 74 St. George 8 9 10 9 7 5 8 9 8 1-f Salt Lake 8 10 10 7 9 7 9 8 9 10 87 San Juan 10 9 5 4 5 5 5 ' 5 5 5 58 Seviet 10 10 9 10 10 6 8 10 10 9 92 South Davis 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 100 South Sanpete 7 8 10 10 10 8 5 7 7 72 South Sevier 5 10 5 5 4 3 3 7 4 5 51 Summit 10 10 10 8 10 7 10 10 7 10 92 Tooele 10 10 8 4 4 9 7 8 6 7 73 Uintah 10 10 10 10 9 9 10 10 10 9 97 Utah 5 8 10 10 8 4 7 10 10 10 8? Wasatch 10 9 8 9 7 6 8 9 9 9 8-t Weber 7 10 10 6 9 8 8 7 10 10 85 West Jordan 10 10 9 10 10 6 8 7 10 8 88 Bannock 9 7 3 4 3 7 8 7 6 3 5 7 Bear Lake 8 10 7 4 3 6 7 6 6 6 63 Blaine 3 8 3 2 2 2 2 5 1 28 Boise 10 10 10 5 5 6 9 7 9 8 79 Burlcy 6 9 4 4 3 3 4 4 8 3 48 Cassia 10 9 10 1.0 10 10 10 10 7 10 9 6 Franklin 10 10 8 9 5 8 8 10 10 9 88 Fremont 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 100 Idaho 4 8 3 10 10 10 5 4 5 7 10 7 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 77 Lost River 86 Malad 9 8 9 7 10 4 10 3 10 3 10 5 10 4 9 ! 6 10 6 10 5 97 Minidoka 51 Montpelier 10 9 10 10 8 10 10 9 6 9 10 10 1 7 10 4 8 10 1 6 9 10 6 6 9 10 8 7 7 10 10 5 1 8 10 6 7 7 10 3 60 Oneida 83 Pocatello 10G Raft River 6: Rigby 9 10 8 7 6 8 9 8 7 8 80 10 8 10 9 9 9 10 9 10 10 94 Teton 4 9 2 8 9 10 10 8 3 8 7 6 8 7 5 7 7 8 4 6 50 Twin Falls 77 Yellowstone 9 10 10 9 9 8 5 6 ' 5 8 8 8 8 8 10 7 10 6 8 8 82 Alberta 76 Big Horn 9 10 10 10 10 10 7 7 10 10 93 Hollywood 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 100 Juarez 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 7 10 10 97 Lethbridge 10 10 10 10 10 8 10 9 10 10 97 Los Angeles 10 10 10 10 10 7 9 8 10 10 94 Lyman 10 9 10 10 10 7 9 8 10 8 91 Maricopa 10 10 10 10 10 9 10 10 10 10 99 Nevada 10 7 5 3 7 10 10 7 5 64 St. Joseph 10 10 10 7 7 9 7 6 10 10 86 San Francisco 10 9 10 6 9 8 6 7 9 9 84 Snowflake 10 9 7 6 6 8 6 8 7 7 74 Star Valley 10 7 7 2 4 8 6 7 8 59 Taylor 10 9 8 8 8 8 9 10 10 10 90 Woodruff 7 9 10 10 5 6 7 10 7 9 80 California Mission 10 10 9 8 8 8 9 9 10 10 91 Western States Mission 10 10 4 3 1 7 6 5 3 49 N. W. States Mission 10 9 10 2 6 10 10 8 7 8 80