Mutual Work

MUTUAL WORK 785 and ignored its institutional growth and the psychology of the American people. But the statement is true, and may be verified by a careful study of the American advancement into the far west. The economic institutions of Utah were sound, and morally very high. The people were endowed with heroic virtues, no sacrifice was too great for them to make; they were virile, industrious, their sinews became strong, and their strength increased. They had no love for speculation. They were honest in their daily labors as they were in their business methods. Brigham Young directed the colonizing of all these western valleys of the Wasatch range. He chose men of strength and fortitude to go to remote parts and build towns and cities, make roads and bridges, and make the desert waste over into beautiful private gardens. The economic, social, civic, and intellectual life was never to be forgotten, and as he said to John R. Murdock, so did he say to all who colonized under his watchful care: "Build your homes, then your school and meetinghouse. In your amusements, see to it that they are controlled by the Spirit of God; and teach your children that in their moral and intellectual lives, all should go to the glorification of Almighty God." As Statesman and Lawgiver In the exodus of the "Mormon" people from Illinois, Brigham Young organized them into a well defined civic society, which resulted in a regard for law and order, and obedience to a higher will. It was an organic society that came to Utah, and with the settlement of Salt Lake Valley, there was a state in embryo. The German writer Seydel says that "A state comes into existence whenever a number of men who have taken possession of a part of the earth's surface unite themselves together under a higher will." G. F. De Martens, the French scholar of economics, says: "A state is a certain number of men and of families, who, being united and having a fixed home, associate themselves and submit themselves to a common chief with the in- tention of living together for the safety of all." The pioneers understood sovereignty and government; they settled upon the new land; they were an American people, all of which were the indispensable factors that go to make a state with permanence and continuity, Brigham Young in all of his work never allowed his people to forget the national government; and to it first and always, was the allegiance of the people given. They forgot their isolation in the far west when it came to the question of government. There was no sectionalism, but everything was nationalistic. The people through their leader and state convention asked for statehood in 1849. It was to be the State of Deseret, with all the powers of a free and democratic state of the Union. How well did the "Mormon" leader understand that a ter- ritorial government is un-American in its very essence. In a territorial government, the people are ruled from Washington; in a state, they rule themselves. The latter is in keeping with our national ideals. Brigham Young asked for statehood for his people on the ground of their being high types of Americans; with all the knowledge of American rights and privileges. Statehood was refused, and Utah Territory was organized in- stead. Brigham Young was appointed Governor by Millard Fillmore, and as the chief executive of the territory, showed a statesmanship at times that was the equal of a Blaine or a Jefferson. His state papers were char- acteristically American, and his messages to the different legislative assem- blies were marvelous in their broad interpretation of conditions, and their humane recommendations. His broad conception of equity and the needs of the people are shown in his message to the Legislature of 1853, wherein he says: "Laws suitable to the situation and circumstances of the people, who are to be affected by them, and for the uniform rule of practice and decision of the

786 IMPROVEMENT ERA courts throughout the Territory, are desirable and necessary. It should moreover be the aim of the law-giving department to study simplicity in their enact- ments, that every person may approach the temple of justice, either in his own defense, or to obtain that justice which should without unnecesary delay be im- partially administered to all, whether rich or poor, bond or free, black or white." In his directing the colonizing of the Territory, he understood full well the old Teutonic township form of government, and through his wise and careful policy, he was instrumental in establishing here in the mountains, the best form of civic life known to history. In all of his interest in his people and the welfare of his commonwealth, he never forgot the Nation to which he gave so well his allegiance. He put away section- alism and became nationalized from the first. Said he, in 185 6, on the occasion of celebrating Independence Day: "Eighty years ago, on the day we now celebrate, our forefathers, few in num- bers, but strong in their united love of right, declared to the mother country, and to the world that they were, 'and of right ought to be free and independent.' The oppression which hastened this declaration, the long struggle, the sacrifices and hard- ships that followed, and the glorious results are so well known, that I need not ask your patience by rehearsing them upon this occasion. Glancing at the past, perhaps we as a people have more reason to respect, honor, love and cherish the government of the United States, her Constitution and her free institutions, that any other people on the face of the earth. "We are occupying a region well known as being peculiarly desirable, and one hitherto unsettled by the whites. We are almost a thousand miles from the near- est seaport. We are hemmed in by lofty mountains on every side, while numerous isolated ranges, and barren, arid plains, so crowd our surface, that but a small portion of it is suited to the purposes of settlement. In even those narrow localities, ditches and canals have to be made by much labor, in order to irrigate soil, whereon rain seldom falls from early in spring to late in autumn. And when all has been done that could be, towards supplying the thirsty crops, the husbandman is often compelled to witness the products of his toil droop and die ere maturity, through the faiure of the few small streams as laboriously brought under control. But amid all these disadvantages we are trying to extend the area of freedom and to gladden the most uninviting domain of a great nation with th: blessings and priv- ileges of her free institutions. The true principles of a republican form of govern- ment can be based only in a high tone and sense of honor; liberal, enlightened, and intelligent and extended views of human existence and progress and a faithful, unyielding, rigid and patriotic adherence to the Constitution and laws of the country." Brigham Young had political and civic problems to meet in days when all seemed discouraging to his people. He solved them, without sacrificing a single principle of justice and equity. His regard for right was so great that on looking to his character, one discovers that his idea of government was to redress evils, to administer justice, and to mount guard over men's rights. Said he at one time, this is from the journal of Joseph Young: "Every Latter-day Saint has but one right, the right to serve God and to be free with everybody else." "It is the highest conception of government," says Herbert Spencer of this doctrine. Sunday Evening Joint M. I. A. Program for the Month of July BLESSED ARE THE PURE IN HEART To young people, the Summer vacation is a period of relaxation. Vacation time is temptation time and proper chaperonage is always advisable. No other time of the year presents such splendid opportunities for

MUTUAL WORK 787 parents to join their boys and girls in play in God's great out-of-doors. Fathers and Sons' Outings. Mothers and Daughters' Outings. Urge every boy to hold sacred his associations with the sex to which his mother and his sister belong. A Mother to Her Son My son, do you know that your soul Is of my soul such a part That you seem the fibre and core of my heart? None other can pain me as you, dear, can do, None other can please me or praise me as you. Remember, the world will be quick with its blame If shadow or stain ever darkens your name; Like mother, like son, is a saying so true That the world will judge largely of mother by you. Be this, then, your task, if task it shall be, To force this proud world to do homage to me! Be sure it will say, when its verdict you've won; He reaped as she sowed — Lo, this is her son. Monthly Message to the M Men By Thomas A. Beal, Member of the General Board XVIII — A Good Economist A good economist is one who has the capacity to foresee hidden effects and consequences, and to govern his actions by these as well as by immediate and visible effects. The French economist, Frederic Bastiat, in his Essays of Political Economy, illustrates very powerfully in his, "Story of the Broken Window," the reasoning of a good economist. The story runs in this strain: The son of a shopkeeper breaks a pane of glass in his father's shop. One of the spectators offered the consolation that "everybody must live, and if no panes of glass were broken what would become of the glaziers?" The form of this condolence contains an entire theory. Suppose that this accident does result in a gain of six francs to the glazier — and doubtless it does, would it be advisable, or a good thing, to break windows on the ground that it causes money to cir- culate and thus encourages industry? Too often this is the conclusion that is reached. But let us see! If the shopkeeper has spent six francs upon one thing, he cannot spend them upon another. If he had not had his window to replace, he would perhaps have replaced his old shoes, or added another book to his library. In short, he would have employed his six francs in some way which this accident has prevented. Take industry in general, as affected by this circumstance. The window being broken, the glazier's trade is encouraged to the amount of six francs, but if the window had not been broken, the shoemaker's trade (or some other) would have been encouraged to the same amount. In other words, that which is seen, which is the glazier's encouragement, is the only thing taken into consideration, but if that which is not seen, the loss to the shopkeeper, is taken into consideration also, it will be seen that neither industry in general, nor the sum total of labor is affected, whether windows are broken or not. But let us consider the shopkeeper himself. In the first supposition, the window being broken, he spends six francs and has neither more nor less than he had before — the enjoyment of a window.

788 IMPROVEMENT ERA 1 In the second supposition, when we suppose the window not to have been broken, he would have spent six francs in shoes, and would have had the enjoyment of a pair of shoes as well as a window. Now as the shopkeeper forms a part of society, we must come to the conclusion that, taking it al- together, and making an estimate of the enjoyments and its labors, it has lost the value of the broken window. The result of this conclusion is, that "Society loses the value of things which are uselessly destroyed." In this simple illustration there are really three persons, not two, namely, the shop- keeper, who represents the consumer, reduced to an act of destruction to one enjoyment instead of two; the glazier, who is the producer, whose trade is encouraged by the accident; and the shoemaker (or some other tradesman) whose labor suffers proportionately from the same cause. It is this third person who is kept in the shade, who is not seen, but who is still the neces- sary element in the problem. It is he who shows us how absurd it is to think we see a profit in an act of destruction. This simple illustration of the French economist shows beyond question the fallacy of the argument that destruction creates wealth, and also how difficult it is to perceive intangible forces as clearly as we see material objects and to weigh hidden causes and effects as well as those which are obvious. Bastiat has, at the same time, given us a moral lesson. What seems to be the obvious may not always be the fact. People are prone to hasty judgment when careful analysis should be undertaken. Jumping -at con- clusions is a weakness and should be avoided. An orderly mind is the pro- duct of conscious effort, and the people on whose judgment we may safely rely are those trained in this practical way. Weekly Sunday Evening Programs Latter-day Saint Literature (Lessons for associations holding meetings weekly during the summer months) It is not intended that these books shall be reviewed, but the object of these lessons is rather to encourage the reading of "Mormon" literature by giving a talk each evening on one of these books, giving illustrations from it that will interest the public in the book, and give impetus to its reading among the young people. 1. Rays of Living Light — President Charles W. Penrose. 2. The House of the Lord — James E. Talmage. 3. Vitality of Mormonism — -James E. Talmage. 4. Rational Theology — John A. Widtsoe. 5. Joseph Smith as Scientist — John A. Widtsoe. 6. Added Upon— Nephi Anderson. 7. Tobacco and Human Efficiency — Frederick J. Pack. 8. History of the Prophet Joseph — Lucy Smith. 9. Saturday Night Thoughts — Orson F. Whitney. 10. Prophecies of Joseph Smith — Nephi L. Morris. 11. Poems and Writings — Eliza R. Snow. 12. Durant of Salt Lake — Ben E. Rich. 13. Founding of Utah — Levi Edgar Young. 14. Voice of Warning — Parley P. Pratt. , Note: An M. I. A. special program will be circulated, including monthly events, joint Sunday evening programs, and studies as above for associations meeting weekly during the summer months.

MUTUAL WORK 789 Farmers Ward Fathers and Sons' Banquet At the Farmers ward recreation hall, May 1, approximately 200 people, many of them fathers, enjoyed a banquet given by Scout Troop No. 15, Salt Lake Council, to fathers and sons. In the recreation hall there were selections by the orchestra and invocation by Bishop Thomas E. Towler. Scout Roy Pixton gave the address of welcome, followed by a demonstration of scout activities. Adjourning to the banquet hall community singing was led by Scoutmaster Doral Cutler. The flag ceremony, the Scout oath, law, and motto, were given by the Troop Committee. Toastmaster Bayard W. Mendenhall was in charge of the proceedings. During the banquet there were toasts on "Our Dads," by Ben Pitts, and on "Our Boys," by Committeeman Ray Van Cott. Chairman Casper Fetzer spoke on the ambitions of the Troop Committee. Toasts were given by Wesley E. King, president of the Salt Lake Council; Dr. Charles G. Plummer, Bishop Towler, Edward H. Anderson of the Stake Presidency and the General Board, after which a lively address was given by Scout Executive Oscar A. Kirkham. Mrs. Wil- son spoke on the need of boy scouts learning to conserve the wild flowers of the state. Stake Superintendent Carl C. Burton was a guest of honor on the occasion. Adjourning from the banquet hall, a game of basket ball be- tween daddies and sons, and other stunts in the recreation hall, were in- dulged in — the whole being a very enjoyable evening. M Men's Round-Up, South Sanpete Stake The superintendency of the Y. M. M. I. A. of the South Sanpete stake, Charles G. Braithwaite, William A. Tuttle, J. Gerald Carpenter, give an account of an M Men's round-up held on April 1 2 in Manti. All the wards contested in the afternoon in basket ball at which Ephraim North, first, and Ephraim South, second, were the winners. At 5 o'clock in the afternoon some ninety-three M Men were banqueted and were addressed by Executive Director Oscar A. Kirkham. The M Men's spirit was highly manifest and all who were present rejoiced at being there. At 8:30 a meeting for the general public was held in the high school auditorium at which the contestants in quar- tet and public speaking were heard. The winners were the Manti South ward. At 10 o'clock all joined in a public dance in the high school gym. ending the round-up in a most friendly and sociable way. The presence of Brother Kirkham added spirit and interest to the whole affair. National deputy scout executive for eastern and southern Utah, W. B. Hawkins, was present also. He addressed the parents' classes of the three Manti wards on Sunday morning at 10:30 on scout work. Granite Stake M Men Banqueted Granite High was a scene of gay festivities on the evening of April 1 7, when more than 150 M Men, under direction of President Seth M. Oberg, gathered in an informal banquet. Tables were decorated in sweet peas with fruit cocktail to match and the dinner was served by students of the High School Domestic Science Department, supervised by Eva Lindquist. Guests of honor included President Frank Y. Taylor, Edward H. Anderson, Geo. H. Budd, Homer Warner, Carl C. Burton, of the stake; and Oscar A. Kirkham, Nicholas G. Morgan, and Claude C. Cornwall of the General Board of Y. M. M. I. A. Orchestra selections were rendered by the Bohemian Girls, community singing conducted by Claude C. Cornwall. President Oberg introduced Oscar A. Kirkham as toastmaster who presented the speakers with mingled laughter

790 IMPROVEMENT ERA and sentiment. Toasts were given by Superintendent Carl Burton, Geo. H. Budd, Don Daynes, Homer W. Warner, Edward H. Anderson and President Frank Y. Taylor. Trophy cups and awards were presented to the Waterloo ward for winning in stake and inter-stake basketball games and the awards were exhibited for baseball, male quartet and public speaking. President Taylor presented the trophy cup to the Hawthorne ward, for winning the stake debate. Following the banquet a program of athletic events was staged in the gymnasium, featuring a wrestling match between Tom and John, two Japanese boys; strong-man stunts by John Anderson; and tumbling and boxing exhibition by athletes from the Deseret gymnasium, supplemented by comedy stunts and impromptu musical numbers from the crowd. This program and banquet is the largest and finest event yet staged by the Granite organization and all went away feeling that it is good to be an M Man. The L. D. S. University Glee Club This organization recently made a successful trip through the north to various cities, and rendered a very excellent program to a large and appreciative audience in the Pocatello stake tabernacle on Thursday, April 24, singing under the auspices of the Y. M. M. I. A. stake board, Fred B. Middendorf, stake superintendent; Alfonzo Y. Pond, and Edwin A. Crockett, assistants; and Edwin A. Swallow, secretary and treasurer. In Appreciation Wayne B. Hales, who has acted as President of the Snow College, Ephraim, Utah, for the p:.st four years, has severed his connection with that institution to further pursue his studies. His labors have been char- acterized by an extreme willingness to serve. In an appreciation which the Improvement Era has received from Joseph Jenkins, we are told that he has been very helpful in the ward, has carried the load of the administration of the school with dignity and wisdom, and is a vig- orous denunciator of looseness and wrong. "Many a boy can look back to him with respect and love be- cause of the patience and father- liness he has exercised when plead- ing with a boy to walk the path of clean habits. He is leaving to attend school to obtain a higher degree. He has not spent his life while at the Snow College in sailing in a boat of leisure, drifting as the wind willed, but he has ever kept be- fore him his goal, and he leaves the school happy Nand contented, having fought the good fight, kept his eye on the course of progress, and leaves his stamp upon the lives of many of the youth of Zion. We wish him God-speed in his new labors, and say to him, 'God be with you till we meet again'."

MUTUAL WORK 791 Pentathlon Contest Winner The B. Y. U. Relay Carnival 1 he fourteenth Annual Track Meet and Relay Carnival, Brigham Young University, April 26, proved to be the largest meet in the history of the relay carnival. There were 380 registered athletes taking part upon the track and field in the afternoon. Counting grade school children who participated in the morning, the ten- nis teams, and the faculty horse- shoe pitchers, Director E. L. Rob- errs estimated that a conservative figure would place the number at 900. More than five hundred dol- lars worth of prizes in the shape of a gold watch, medals, and rib- bons were carried away by the par- ticipating athletes. So large has the meet become that many classed it with the Penn and the Drake relays. Forty-two schools partici- pated in the afternoon. Frank Beckwith, president of the student body of the East Side high school, Salt Lake City, was the winner in the pentathlon con- test in which there were a half doz- en entries. This contest was very close, the winner being determined by the 1500 meter race, the last of the five events in which the pentathlon contestants had to com- pete. Mr. Beckwith received a beautifully engraved gold watch. President Harris presenting the prize to Frank Beckwith, winner of the pentathlon in the B. Y. U. relay carnival. President Franklin S. Harris, of the Brigham Young University, made the presentation.

792 IMPROVEMENT ERA Winners in Basket Ball Stake Senior Supervisor Morgan Hawkes, Pocatello, Idaho, in presenting this picture to the Era of the champion basket ball team of Pocatello stake, in- cluding also the stake superintendency of the Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association, and Senior supervisor of the stake, reports that this team is undefeated. It has played a total of ten games, receiving three by forfeit. The last game was played with a mixed team — the 11th ward, of Ensign stake, and the Waterloo boys of Granite stake, whom they defeated. They deserve credit for clean playing and good team work throughout the games of the league. They were awarded the loving cup presented by the Young Men's board of Pocatello stake, on April 22nd. To claim full ownership of this loving cup they must hold the title of championship three consecutive seasons. CHAMPION BASKET BALL TEAM, POCATELLO Standing left to right: Alfonzo Y. Pond, first assistant superintendent; Fred Middendorf, stake superintendent Y. M. M. I. A.; Arthur Clark, president First ward Young Men's Mutual, and manager of team; Morgan Hawkes, Senior supervisor of stake; Edwin A. Crockett, second assistant superintendent. Kneeling: Ruel Raw- lings, forward; Earl Shipley, guard; Richard McPherson, guard. Sitting: Theodore Taylor, guard; Pat Rouch, captain and center; William Allen, forward. Robert Jackson and Willard Ellsworth, regular players, unable to be in picture.

MUTUAL WORK 793 Y. M. M. I. A. Efficiency Report, April, 1924 STAKES ■31 o a — Ed •a S3 © 55 ■8 2? S3 -9 ESS . p. gs •Hi •a S a a © S .2 a '§ § O a o e ■a a o E 's a S p -a 63 3 o E-i 8 * a «<< 11 o g a •a-i g c < m a 1 392 488 289 793 520 360 673 418 996 500 222 519 449 764 578 787 470 750 327 1078 220 366 285 421 258 1464 568 328 360 590 533 460 358 322 208 135 705 213 132 346 562 412 335 198 200 301 891 270 351 336 102 780 12 12 5 13 8 10 10 11 7 10 6 6 8 10 13 10 8 10 10 12 5 6 7 12 4 20 8 11 16 12 11 11 8 10 5 6 13 12 5 8 13 10 8 7 10 12 18 9 11 6 4 30 6 12 5 13 8 3 10 11 7 8 3 6 7 '7 13 10 7 10 10 12 3 6 4 4 3 20 7 9 5 8 11 8 5 7 5 4 10 8 5 8 13 8 7 6 8 10 18 5 10 6 1 13 35 104 43 106 93 24 94 80 63 75 18 55 65 58 108 84 47 94 78 136 23 53 55 220 70 306 76 83 127 198 116 110 21 111 66 82 52 117 82 90 88 100 59 04 41 162 89 201 176 59 231 95 194 114 141 104 174 223 241 76 199 96 165 39 97 60 125 51 401 149 100 75 95 150 50 79 89 49 29 239 28 41 111 183 130 85 21 62 223 258 95 69 107 3 122 89 193 118 257 263 92 307 143 252 132 37 220 190 222 264 283 112 257 116 329 54 160 59 150 58 560 267 163 88 120 118 92 83 131 93 45 217 88 59 119 223 101 115 69 90 118 374 83 42 154 6 83 211 679 320 870 598 258 759 516 625 431 76 527 425 536 647 725 317 640 378 730 175 404 193 436 191 1332 615 440 282 422 519 288 275 454 277 131 752 276 218 368 709 377 376 211 323 577 928 293 204 420 17 451 24 61 37 79 62 19 67 55 56 47 15 41 41 47 68 64 28 70 51 91 20 31 15 13 11 117 56 58 23 43 63 36 29 59 23 13 51 58 31 46 79 50 41 21 48 82 120 28 45 40 1 79 23 64 56 174 21 25 42 109 55 50 13 42 19 20 18 48 35 40 42 59 26 21 15 21 18 84 34 42 26 48 88 52 32 71 45 6 71 50 50 32 75 22 54 28 46 86 102 48 14 46 1 91 16 55 60 95 81 19 110 88 75 44 80 27 72 94 97 35 111 46 68 37 39 24 10 12 173 47 61 25 38 84 19 47 49 16 9 89 12 26 65 103 60 36 6 29 131 130 29 40 52 1 67 37 77 89 123 153 29 182 103 183 62 31 125 90 107 109 172 92 152 61 221 26 83 36 39 16 352 107 86 39 45 70 36 35 58 33 9 84 46 31 73 157 60 46 33 67 87 281 38 39 73 2 62 100 ?57 74? Box Elder 471 317 9? Cottonwood 401 355 3 74 Hyrum _ _ 203 ^9 Mount Ogden _ North Davis North Sanpete North Weber 288 177 246 789 Ogden 381 190 3 74 ?on 439 109 174 301 44 90 76 21 155 73 85 41 64 91 48 43 76 41 28 105 70 39 75 103 81 65 33 67 97 140 36 63 59 3 82 85 61 216 126 92 78 143 160 98 70 158 94 29 191 90 79 63 200 65 144 88 104 139 156 79 30 100 5 164 83 57 Utah 7?6 744 747 1 13 174 Blackfoot 305 143 143 Burley __ Cassia _ _ Curlew . 237 117 37 7Q5 Idaho — Lost River Malad . 166 138 716 Benson . _ 414 19? 177 88 190 Los Angeles _ - 386 633 143 Star Valley 138 71 1 Young California Mission 5 299

Y. M. M. I. A. Statistical Report, April, 1924 STAKES Montpelier Bear River Beaver Box Elder Cache Carbon .' Cottonwood Deseret Ensign Hyrum Kanab Mount Ogden North Davis - North Sanpete North Weber Ogden Parowan Pioneer Roosevelt Salt Lake San Juan Sevier South Sevier _. Summit . Tintic Utah Weber Bear Lake St. Joseph Bingham Blackfoot Blaine Boise Burley Cassia Curlew Fremont Idaho Lost River Malad Benson Pocatello Shelley Twin Falls __ Lethbridge Los Angeles . Alpine Maricopa Star Valley ____ Taylor Young Cal. Mission 5 5 10 l 5 10 { 10 10 6 10 7 10 10 6 8 3 10 9 7 10 9 7 9 10 7 8 10 7 10 8 9 10 10 10 9 10 6 8 10 10 9 10 10 10 10 10 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 6 10 1 5 7 4 8 10 6 5 10 5 5 7 7 10 6 6 9 8 9 6 4 2 3 8 6 6 9 7 6 8 5 5 4 3 8 7 6 8 6 5 7 4 8 10 10 9 10 5 3 10 K, ■B ■M E ^» «Oc © 1 QQ D. ED 3 10 10 10 10 6 10 6 10 10 5 8 5 7 5 10 10 10 9 9 4 10 3 3 10 10 9 9 10 9 6 10 5 7 8 10 9 6 9 10 10 5 1 10 8 10 9 3 10 6 10 10 To 10 8 9 10 10 10 6 9 10 3 3 5 5 10 9 8 6 7 6 6 8 5 10 2 10 5 5 10 7 6 7 4 10 7 10 3 10 10 5 10 10 10 10 10 10 8 10 10 5 10 9 6 10 10 10 10 10 10 4 10 5 4 10 9 9 8 10 10 10 9 10 10 10 6 9 8 10 10 10 8 9 7 10 9 10 6 8 10 2 5 5 10 8 10 9 10 10 10 7 8 4 10 9 10 10 10 10 9 9 10 7 10 3 8 10 7 9 9 8 9 9 7 6 10 10 10 10 9 10 10 10 7 9 6 10 9 9 10 10 10 2 6 5 10 10 10 10 9 10 4 10 10 8 10 10 7 8 10 10 6 9 6 9 9 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 8 7 7 6 10 6 9 10 10 1 5 4 10 8 9 10 6 10 10 10 6 5 10 7 7 9 10 10 10 10 9 6 10 5 9 10 9 9 9 10 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 7 9 8 10 10 10 5 8 9 2 10 1,3 Si sg V . 1S $* *n *- a> g si ■oJ i> *fe 3 2 10 8 6 10 10 9 10 9 10 3 10 7 6 4 10 6 10 6 5 4 10 7 10 7 6 7 10 10 10 9 7 6 9 8 7 5 9 8 6 8 7 7 4 4 8 5 10 6 9 6 9 9 8 7 6 8 7 7 10 6 6 4 8 6 10 7 8 8 2 2 9 8 7 5 8 5 10 9 9 6 8 6 9 6 3 4 10 10 8 10 10 9 5 8 5 10 10 1 1 5 NOTICE TO STAKE OFFICERS Is your stake reported? If not, why? Thanks to all. Let us have a full report for May. "He that endureth to the end," etc. We have with us the California Mis- sion this time. .Greetings.

Russian reds issued a May-day proclamation, April 26, in which they denounced the United States for paving the way for another world war. Storms swept some southern States, April 30, causing almost 100 deaths and property loss amounting to ten million dollars. Alabama, Georgia, North and South Carolina, Louisiana and Arkansas were visited by the destructive tornado. The revolution in Cuba is spreading from the province of Santa Clara, where it started the last week of April, into the province of Oriente, ac- cording to a report, dated May 5. The government is confident of being able to handle the situation. Charles F. . Murphy died, April 25, in New York, of heart failure induced by acute indigestion. He was the main chieftain of Tammany Hall and for many years a powerful factor in the Democratic councils both in the state and the nation. B. F. Grant is named general manager of the Deseret News, according to an announcement published April 19. Bishop Elias S. Woodruff, who has had that position for the last two years, has resigned, to become executive secretary of the Scenic Highway Association. Goitre infection among Utah School children is reported as having attained a high percentage. Of 31,756 children examined under the su- pervision of Dr.. J. Wallace, epidemiologist of the state board of health, more than 40 per cent showed positive tests for goitre. Marie Corelli died at Stratford-on-Avon, England, April 21, sixty years old. She made a name for herself as a novelist and author of a score of romantic tales. Her "A Romance of Two Worlds" appeared in 1886. It was followed by the "Vendetta," "Thelma" and others. Mrs. Mary Shepard Home died, April 28, at San Diego, Cal. She was the widow of Joseph Home, a pioneer of 1847. She was born in Tyne- mouth-on-the-Tyne, England, in 1837, and came to Utah in 1852. She passed away at the home of her daughter, Mrs. A. C. Pyper. ' Another mine horror was reported from West Virginia, April 28. One hundred and fourteen miners were entombed from the Benwood mine, of the Wheeling Steel corporation, by an explosion. Fourteen bodies were taken out during the night, and little hope was entertained for the others. Mr. Alexander Schreiner, a Utah boy, 22 years of age, who has been added to the staff of organists of the Salt Lake Tabernacle, is a young man with considerable musical talent. He has spent the last four years on the Pacific coast, where he has attracted attention for his mastery of the pipe organ. The German election, May 4, resulted in a coalition of the Moderate?., comprising the Socialists, Clerical, Democratic and Peoples' parties, and as a consequence it is believed the Dawes report on reparations will be accepted. The votes of the monarchists did not come up to expectation, in spite of the prestige of Ludendorff. The election in France on May 1 1 resulted in the defeat of the sup-

796 IMPROVEMENT ERA i porters of Poincare, and he decided to resign his position as premier. Lloyd George, former prime minister of Great Britain, said in an address in Lon- don that it was a great Liberal victory that would conduce to a much needed pacification of the world. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has been recognized as a Christian denomination by the Victorian government in Australia with the right to perform marriages, according to reports by returned mis- sionaries, Byron S. Collett of Vernal, Arlie V. Bean of Richfield, and David M. Paskett of Grouse Creek. President Coolidge, in an address before representatives of the Asso- ciated Press, New York, April 22, expressed himself as approving the World Court, advocated by the late President Harding, and suggested that another world congress on armaments be called as soon as the question of German reparations is definitely settled. Eteonora Duse died, at Pittsburg, April 21, and thus ended her third tour of the United States, which the famous Italian tragedienne began in New York, Oct. 29, 1923, in the Metropolitan Opera House. She was 64 years of age, but, as was the case with Sarah Bernhardt, she had her audiences at her feet, notwithstanding her years. The level of Great Salt Lake is so high that railroad officials are talk- ing of the necessity of raising the level of the entire Lucin cutoff. The Lake level, according to a statement made by Mr. V. S. Andrus, of the Southern Pacific, April 29, in a hearing before the Interstate Commerce Commission, is now 53 inches higher than it was in 1919. Edwin Thomas Woolley died at a Salt Lake City hospital, April 29, the cause being given as appendicitis. He was a son of the late Bishop Edwin D. Woolley, and has been prominent for many years in business circles. He was born Nov. 4, 1854, in Salt Lake. In Jan., 1882, he mar- ried Miss Emma Rumel, daughter of John H. Rumel. Funeral services were held in the Twenty-first ward chapel, May 2. He was bishop of the Fourth Ward, Ogden, for a number of years. Senator Smoot opened the debate in the senate on the revenue bill, April 24, over which an extended controversy is anticipated. The Senator, who is the chairman of the finance committee pointed out that the proposed bill had gone the limit in tax reduction. The Mellon bill was defeated May 5 and the Democratic measure was adopted instead. David Lawrence, a newspaper correspondent, close to the White House, considers that this vote marks the end of party rule and beginning of group rule. A Greek republic was voted for by the people, Sunday, April 13. The vote in Athens and many of the cities was overwhelmingly republican. On Dec. 18, 1923, King George was ordered to leave the country, pending the outcome of the movement for a republican form of government. He took up his residence at Brazov, Transylvania, and from there he sent a protest against his expulsion. On March 25, the Greek Assembly passed a resolution in favor of a republic and the overthrow of the Gluckburg dynasty. Edward William Robinson died at his home in Sandy, Utah, April 10. He has been speaker of the house of representatives twice. At the time of his death he was principal of the Jordan high school. He was born in American Fork, Utah, July 10, 1867, attended the B. Y. academy at Provo, and the University of Michigan, whereupon he was admitted to the bar in Utah. After having filled a mission to Turkey, he obtained a position on the faculty of the Agricultural College, Logan, where he remained for 1 2 years. He has been active in politics and a leader in educational circles.